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* Security forces * Iraqi Volunteer Forces * Shi'ite private militias〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Tony Blair: 'We didn't cause Iraq crisis )〕 *Mahdi Army *Iraqi Communist Party〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Iraqi Communist troops celebrate victory after defeating ISIS )〕 * Iraqi Turkmen Front〔(In Pictures: Tension in Kirkuk )〕 Syria * Syrian Air Force Iran Supported by: * * ---- * Peshmerga Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK) Assyrian/Syriac forces *Syriac Military Council *Qaraqosh Protection Committee〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Iraqi Christians under threat yet again )〕 |combatant2 = Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant〔(Iraq crisis: Isis declares its territories a new Islamic state with 'restoration of caliphate' in Middle East - Middle East - World - The Independent )〕 * Ansar al-Islam〔 25px Islamic Army in Iraq〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Islamic Army of Iraq founder: Isis and Sunni Islamists will march on Baghdad )〕 *25px Hamas of Iraq〔(IŞİD Nedir, IŞİD'in Hedefi Nedir, IŞID'i Kimler Destekliyor ) (in Turkish)〕 Sunni Islamist militias * Anbar Tribe Revolutionary Councils *Mujahideen Army *1920 Revolution Brigade〔 Iraqi Ba'ath Party loyalists *Naqshbandi Army〔http://www.nytimes.com/2014/06/19/world/middleeast/former-loyalists-of-saddam-hussein-crucial-in-helping-isis.html?hpw&rref=world&_r=0〕 *25px General Military Council for Iraqi Revolutionaries *25px Supreme Command for Jihad and Liberation * Free Iraqi Army ---- al-Nusra Front (alleged limited involvement)〔(IŞİD ve El Nusra'nın birleştiği iddia edildi ) (in Turkish)〕 |commander1= Nouri al-Maliki Abboud Qanbar Ali Ghaidan Mahdi Al-Gharrawi Sa'ad Mi'an Sabah Al-Fatlawi Issam Hallaq * ---- Qasem Soleimani ---- Masoud Barzani Jaafar Sheikh Mustafa Mustafa Said Qadir Bahoz Erdal 25px Gewargis Hanna |commander2= Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi Adnan Ismail Najm al-Bilawi Al-Dulaimi †〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Kurdish Fighters Take a Key Oil City as Militants Advance on Baghdad )〕 Izzat Ibrahim ad-Douri〔〔http://www.nytimes.com/2014/06/13/world/middleeast/iraq.html?hpw&rref=world〕 25px Ismail Jubouri Ali Hatem al-Suleiman |strength1 = 25,000–30,000 (two army divisions) 10,000 federal police 30,000 local police 2,000 Iranian Quds Force 1,000 U.S. Troops〔http://www.nytimes.com/2014/08/13/world/middleeast/us-to-send-130-more-military-advisers-to-iraq.html?_r=0〕 ---- 190,000 Kurdish peshmerga |strength2 = Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant: 30,000–50,000 in Iraq〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=ISIS has 100,000 fighters, growing fast – Iraqi govt adviser )〕 Army of the Men of the Naqshbandi Order: 5,000+ Islamic Army in Iraq: 10,400 (2007) Free Iraqi Army: 2,500 |casualties1 = ISIL claim: 1,700 executed out of 4,500 captured〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=ISIS Claims Execution of 1,700 Iraqi Soldiers; Over 4500 Captured )〕 Government/UN claim: 800 killed, 1,900 missing (1,566 executed),〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=احصائية رسمية: 1997 العدد الكلي لمفقودي مجزرتي سبايكر وبادوش )〕 90,000 deserted Iran: 4 killed |casualties2 = 711+ killed (255 executed)〔〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Iraq security forces kill 60 ISIL south of Tikrit – AhlulBayt News Agency – ABNA – Shia News )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Watchdog: Iraq forces executed 250 Sunni prisoners )〕 |casualties3 = 1,235–1,265 civilians killed (by 25 June)〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Iraq's killing fields where ISIS massacred up to 190 prisoners in four days - Daily Mail Online )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Iraq army 'routs Isis rebels' in offensive on Tikrit )〕 |notes = 95 Turkish civilians captured〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=ISIS captures hundreds of the military, and a fast fall of Northern Iraq )〕 }} The Northern Iraq offensive began on 5 June 2014, when the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL; sometimes referred to as the Islamic State (IS)) and aligned forces began a major offensive in northern Iraq against the Iraqi government, following earlier clashes, which began in December 2013. ISIL and aligned forces captured several cities and other territory, beginning with an attack on Samarra on 5 June followed by the seizure of Mosul on 10 June and Tikrit on 11 June. As Iraqi government forces fled south on 13 June, the Kurdish forces took control of the oil hub of Kirkuk, part of the disputed territories of Northern Iraq.〔()〕 The Islamic State (IS) called the battles of Mosul and Saladin "the Battle of the Lion of God al-Bilawi," (Arabic: غزوة أسد الله البيلاوي) in honor of Abu Abdulrahman al-Bilawi. By late June, Iraq had lost control of its border with Jordan and Syria.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Sunni militants 'seize Iraq's western border crossings' )〕 The then Prime Minister of Iraq Nouri al-Maliki called for a national state of emergency on 10 June following the attack on Mosul, which had been seized overnight. However, despite the security crisis, Iraq's parliament did not allow Maliki to declare a state of emergency; many Sunni Arab and ethnic Kurdish legislators boycotted the session because they opposed expanding the prime minister's powers. ==Background== Since December 2013, clashes involving tribal militias, Iraqi security forces, and the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) have been occurring throughout western Iraq. In early January 2014, ISIL militia successfully took control of Fallujah and Ramadi, bringing much of Anbar Province under their control. Afterwards, the Iraqi Army began conducting an offensive against the Anbar region, the stronghold of ISIL, with the stated goal of bringing the region under government control. Prior to conducting this counter offensive, Iraqi Prime Minister Nouri al-Maliki gave a controversial speech in which he charactized the military campaign as a continuation of the ancient sectarian war between "the followers of Hussein and the followers of Yazid", a reference to a 7th-century defining battle for Shi'ites, thereby alienating the Sunnis of Anbar who had prior collaborated with the Iraqi government.〔 The advances ISIL have made in neighboring Syria—a source of their weapons—have substantially strengthened their position.〔 In early June, insurgents began to advance up over to central and northern part of Iraqi land following the Iraqi Army's capture in the Anbar industrial zone. At that point, they were still in control of most of Fallujah and Garmah, as well as parts of Haditha, Jurf Al Sakhar, Anah, Abu Ghraib and several smaller settlements in Anbar Province. On 29 June 2014, ISIL announced a changed of name to Islamic State, and declared a 'Caliphate' that includes Syria and Iraq. They then declared Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi as the Caliph and leader of all Muslims.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Sunni rebels declare new 'Islamic caliphate' )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Northern Iraq offensive (June 2014)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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